Jesus: One for the Community

… I particularly like to think that Jesus performed this miracle for the sake of the bar staff, the caterers – the servants and the steward of this story. Whether or not it was their fault, they would have got the blame and took the shame when the wine ran out. Think of the effect on their livelihood, on their credibility in the community. Jesus stepped in to save them from being pilloried for their wrongdoing – and so this miracle prefigures Calvary, drops hints about the fundamental meaning of salvation.

I suggest that John put this miracle at the very top of his story about Jesus to show that Jesus is One for the Community…

– I love giving this talk. So I did it again today. Jesus: One for the Community.

Jesus: One for the Community (2018)

John 2.1-11

The Third Sunday of Epiphany, 21 January 2018

Corton Denham, West Camel

 

There may not be many of us, but we do a lot together. One of the joys of a village congregation is that the people in the pews are not just churchgoers but often community organisers… by which I mean, people who make things happen; involved in all sorts of things – from a sense of calling or for pure enjoyment: whether in church, or tennis club, or village hall, or parish council, whatever, you’re the sort of people who are happy to play your part in shaping events which in turn help to shape the character of the community that we find ourselves in, by choice or accident of birth or life-event. 

Now, we all know some community organisers who like to do things the way they’ve always done them – so that, for instance, everyone in Village A knows that they can every year look forward to Jim’s comical hosting of the Harvest Auction – they know all his jokes, they look forward to laughing and groaning at them again; whilst other organisers like to shake things up a bit, which creates a buzz of anticipation around a village: what new extreme sport will Dave attempt as his annual fundraising endeavour? What insightful and beautifully-crafted reflection has Mary prepared to introduce the prayers in church this week? Fictional examples, but you recognise the truth they carry.

Community organisers like our plans to work out well, we want things to go smoothly. But we also understand that even when things don’t go to plan, something unexpectedly good and special can still come out of it – something which changes the event, and changes the character of the community which experiences it.

I recall, for instance, the day the electricity failed in our isolated country church just five minutes before the Christmas Eve service – forcing us to hold it by candlelight. But the church looked so lovely then, the atmosphere was so special, that the Christmas Eve service has been candlelit every year since; or when the understudy in the school play stepped up and performed so well that people encouraged her to go on; which she did – eventually to drama school and professional theatre, to the pride of everyone in the village.

John’s gospel contains what are sometimes called the Seven Signs of Jesus’ miraculous power – feeding 5,000, walking on water, various healings, and the miracle we heard re-told today, the first one which John records, which is what I call One for the Community: the wedding in Cana of Galilee.

In this famous passage, John tells us that the purpose of Jesus’ first and thus very significant recorded miracle was to reveal his glory to the world. Turning the water into wine was One for the Community. In consequence, his disciples put their faith in him. 

Note where and how Jesus first revealed his glory to the world: not by a wonderful healing, not with a stunning sermon, but by going round the back of the bar at a wedding and generously boosting the stocks of best wine. And in so doing he revealed the real good news in Christianity. The good news that Jesus is One for the Community. What do I mean?

Well, reading behind the text, we can assume why Jesus was at the party. You’d expect a single man of thirty years old to be invited to a wedding, to share the joy and the fun of the occasion with his family and friends, and perhaps as the object of the affections of a young bridesmaid, maybe as a careful listener in those rare intense conversations one sometimes gets into at parties. You’d also expect that God who delighted in creating the world and all its people, would delight to take part in a day of celebration; that God whose whole being is wrapped up in love, would want to share the wonder of a young couple’s love by joining in their wedding party. 

Now, back to the story. Put yourself in the position of the wedding’s hosts and the wedding’s organisers. Imagine their situation when they saw that the wine was running low. Jesus’ miracle showed how keenly he understood their problem and felt their needs. Verse 4 shows how at first he didn’t want to do something he hadn’t planned or prepared for. But out of his compassion for the community, he ended up innovating. It was good news for the community. Three lots of people particularly benefited from what Jesus did that day: 

The partygoers benefited, obviously, from an uninterrupted supply of quality refreshment. Some of them might not even have known what had gone on behind the scenes, but whoever they were and whatever they were up to at that party, Jesus chose to bless them with new wine.

The hosts of the party benefited: it saved them so much embarrassment, there were no such things as all-night supermarkets to bail them out in those days; they had no neighbours with barns full of cider ready to serve.

I particularly like to think that Jesus performed this miracle for the sake of the bar staff, the caterers – the servants and the steward of this story. Whether or not it was their fault, they would have got the blame and took the shame when the wine ran out. Think of the effect on their livelihood, on their credibility in the community. Jesus stepped in to save them from being pilloried for their wrongdoing – and so this miracle prefigures Calvary, drops hints about the fundamental meaning of salvation.

I suggest that John put this miracle at the very top of his story about Jesus to show that Jesus is One for the Community. And that he needs us, to help express his extravagant glory in our communities. Notice how he didn’t do the miracle on his own. He needed his mother to prompt him to do it in the first place. He needed servants to draw the water for him. He needed the chief steward’s validation of the wine to stress the astonishing significance of what had happened. And he needed those disciples to put their faith in him so that his glorious, generous work of love could carry on, spread and grow, through them. 

Whenever we read scripture we read it from the context of our own community. We bring our own situations to bear on the text that we read, hoping and praying that scripture will speak back to us, into our situation, helping us to better understand ourselves and our community from God’s perspective. 

So what is the context of this worshipping community? Well, because of a decision I’ve recently taken, our church community will face a period of change in 2018, another interregnum which I’m confident that God can use to bring good and special things from – especially to do with the realisation that God wants not just vicars, but everybody, to realise their potential in their everyday service of God; maybe to do with taking a different look, a sideways glance, at what church is and what it could be, and being prepared to support innovation and change – for mission’s sake.

Through 2018 the churches of the Benefice and the Deanery will continue to work through the  Deanery Mission Plan, which under the heading of ‘Community’ expresses our intentions of serving our communities by: valuing people in their professional lives and helping them to serve God in the workplace; by seeking out opportunities to be of service to the needy and vulnerable in the wider community; by increasing the use of our church buildings by and for the wider community; and also by promoting our existing links with Zambia – which demonstrates our awareness that the community we belong to, the community of faith, is worldwide. 

As you know, wine is very significant in scripture. In Matthew (9.17) and Mark (2:22) Jesus tells his disciples, ‘No one pours new wine into old wineskins. Otherwise, the wine will burst the skins, and both the wine and the wineskins will be ruined. No, they pour new wine into new wineskins.’

So as things change we have to adapt. Whatever adaptations we are to make, we can be sure of these things: that Jesus is One for our Community, and he is here with us, his disciples, as we seek to share his way of generous love in the places where we live, and move, and have our being.

At our wakes and wedding parties, around our meal tables, in our pubs and at our communion services, everywhere we meet in our community, I trust that we can raise a glass to that.

 

Notes

I preached a previous version of this sermon at Queen Camel and Weston Bampfylde in 2015. Based on a presentation originally given during a ministry interview at St Mary’s, Gosforth, 24 October 2013. They liked the talk, but offered someone else the job. See also my Wedding at Cana – God’s Scandalous Generosity, preached at St Luke’s, Crosby in 2004.

 

Evangelism: Sharing the awakening

I woke up one day and saw the police officers of Windsor escorting homeless people off the streets into vans, and taxiing them to the very gates of the royal palace, to be ushered along a red carpet and take their seats as guests of honour at the prince and princess’s wedding feast.

I woke up one day and saw delighted groups of young girls and young men, dancing arm in arm across the shiny floors of an out-of-town shopping centre, the doors of the shops closed, window displays telling their ex-customers, ‘You don’t need these products, to be accepted and loved – you are beautiful in yourselves, go free’.

I woke up one day and saw expert engineers in armament factories dismantling warheads and, using those same materials, turning their skilful hands to the manufacture of bespoke hospital equipment.

I woke up one day and saw postmen and postwomen in every street and village delivering letters from the banks to everyone in debt, telling them their balance had been fully cleared; I saw the hugs and the tears of joy in each household.

I woke up and saw the churches closing down their foodbanks, for the well-off people and the poorer ones were now in the habit of sharing food together in each other’s homes.

I woke up and realised that for all my life beforehand I had been living in a sombre dream, I’d been living in a world of meanness and unkindness, a world of exploitation and inequality, a world where selfishness and greed were elevated and where no-one, ever, felt good enough in the eyes of others. 

I woke up to the real world – the world envisioned through the eyes of God. I realised that embracing the good news of Jesus Christ is the doorway to this reality, that those who pass through it put that bad dream behind them as they begin to learn to walk with God. Following Christ is an awakening.

– the first bit of my talk today, Evangelism: Sharing the awakening.

On Vocation

Acts 19.1-7, Mark 1.4-11 

Baptism of Christ, 7 January 2018, Sutton Montis 

 

In our creed we affirm Jesus as ‘God of God’ … and also ‘incarnate’, ‘made man’.

Now I think that if Jesus was fully human – as we firmly believe he was – then his understanding of himself, his sense of calling to his particular ministry, would have dawned on him over time. His sense of vocation would have come about through what others said about him, or said to him about himself. That’s the way it is for us, for each of us is formed in relationship with others.

So, no surprises then that the Gospel of Mark begins by setting the scene for Jesus to realise his calling and take his first steps in his mission. And the way this happens is through the words and actions of John the baptiser, through the action of God the Spirit and the words of God the Father. 

Jesus found John at the water’s edge telling the gathered crowds of one more powerful than him following after him; one who would eclipse John’s baptism of water with a baptism of the Holy Spirit. John’s subsequent action was to receive Jesus in the river Jordan and to baptise him. 

And then, as Jesus was coming up out of the water, he saw the heavens torn apart and the Spirit descending like a dove on him. And the voice of his Father came from heaven, ‘You are my Son, the Beloved; with you I am well pleased.’

Imagine how much those words must have meant to Jesus. How encouraging, how energising they must have been. There’s probably little else more precious to a young adult son than hearing their father giving them words of affirmation and support. 

If I can get personal a while, I confess that I’ve never had a particularly close relationship with my own father, though we’ve always got on ok we’ve seldom  found ways to express any depth of understanding or appreciation. Growing up, my Dad seldom stopped me doing the things which interested me, he let me get on and make the life decisions I did without much comment, which was kind-of liberating and kind-of isolating. Cautious and conservative by nature, occasionally he would step in to warn me against potentially disastrous decisions and usually I knew he was right to do so. The one time I really hoped he would step in to tell me to stop and think again he didn’t – and that time was one of the key moments in my life.

Should I move from being a church volunteer, youth leader, PCC member, whilst holding down a steady job in computing, into full-time work for a church, more than halving my income and placing a very large question-mark over my future prospects? Earlier that day I’d been interviewed for the post of a church-community worker in Liverpool 8, Toxteth, an area of some infamy at the time and one which respectable suburbanites like ourselves from the other side of town, tended to avoid. I was astonished to have been offered the job, from a field of eight candidates, and at that point I hesitated, the enormity of this decision hitting home. A big part of me wanted to accept, for I felt ready to continue my journey of service to God in this way. But an equally big part of me was pretty anxious about the prospect of moving to live and work there.

Who could I call to persuade me this was a bad move? I thought. My dad, of course. I was sure he’d waste no time in telling me to turn it down and knuckle down to the day job in the office instead. And what did he say when I told him that St Gabriel’s, Toxteth, wanted me to go and be their community worker on the mean streets of Liverpool 8? I’d expected a pregnant pause in the conversation. But without any hesitation he said, “That’s a brilliant move. Places like that need all the help they can get. I think you’d do a great job there.” 

[DISPLAY DISAPPOINTMENT] “No Dad, did you hear me right….” “Yes, I heard you, son. It’s great.  You’ll be good at it. Go for it.”

I guess I might have seen this coming, for there was a progression here for both of us, from both having been nurtured by my nan, his mother, Jessie, a Christian woman who quietly went about living out her simple faith, without fuss but with plenty of faithfulness. There was progression for me, from having been encouraged from an early age by church ministers, Sunday School teachers, youth leaders, to take part in activities which developed my potential as a disciple of Christ, an emerging leader. 

My Dad’s unexpected words of affirmation were at that time the latest in a long line of similar encouragements I’d received over the years from people in and around church, encouragements to follow my passions, deepen my knowledge, strengthen my involvement, in working alongside others in sharing the Christian life. And now … I’m so grateful for each of these people for the encouragement they gave me.

You may have similar stories to tell – of people who have helped you, over the years, to see your potential, to take steps in certain directions, to be bold at times in doing so and finding yourself growing personally as a consequence. We celebrate and give thanks today, as always, for those who have helped, still help, us on our journey. 

And what a joy it is to be an encourager of others – some of you here, I know, are very good at this, perhaps without really realising it. It’s a great gift, being insightful about what makes others tick, being intuitive about how those people might grow and flourish by taking fresh steps in new directions, being cheeky enough to tell them this and persistent enough to encourage them to keep this on their agenda. 

Now in the Bruton and Cary Deanery over the next three years we are all being asked to work together on what is being called a Deanery Mission Plan. It’s not so much a plan, I’d say, but more a set of intentions to help each of our churches to encourage each other in the work of the Gospel in the places we are in. One set of intentions is bundled under the heading of ‘Vocation’ – which means that the churches of the Deanery are committing to helping people to discern what God is calling them to do. 

We’re committing to recognising and developing potential leaders, in lay ministry and ordained ministry. To encouraging, providing training and support, whether for people wanting to read in church or lead prayers, or explore leading services, or take on PCC roles, or serve the community through Christian charitable work, or …. well, the possibilities are endless.

Hopefully this may raise the question for you, is God calling me into new areas of service? If so then our church leaders are keen to offer discernment and help for you to take the next steps. 

Hopefully this also raises the question for each of us, how can I perceive and encourage others who God may be calling? How can I be an encourager of others in their vocation?

Our present times call us to think a little ‘outside the box’ – to consider that whilst Sunday worship continues to be at the core of what the Church of England is about, it’s not just in church services but also in school assemblies, hospice visits, credit union volunteering, being a good neighbour, and so many other ways, that Christians are working out their vocation and the life of the church is being expressed. When West Camel PCC couldn’t find anyone to take on the role of secretary a couple of years ago they recruited a local young men, a sixth-former, keen to learn, a role which helped the PCC continue their work and helped that young man develop his skills and experience in that area. It wasn’t a perfect experiment, it was relatively short-lived, but it’s a modest example of what I’m talking about.

For, in this wide-ranging area of vocation, there’s plenty of imperfection around. Following our instincts about what God may be calling us to do, is a challenge, and we may make some errors of judgment along the way. But that should not stop us doing it. It’s always good to try – and if we fail to take our learning from that experience into the next one.

Recall, after all, what Jesus did when John called him into the river Jordan to be baptised. John’s was a baptism of repentance for the forgiveness of sins. Before being baptised Jesus, just like every other person who came to John, confessed his shortcomings to God, for even he knew that he was only fit for the purpose of serving the Father by the Father’s blessing and with the Spirit’s help.

Let’s celebrate and give thanks today, as always, for those who have helped, still help, us on our journey. Let’s re-commit ourselves today to the ongoing work of following our passions, deepening our knowledge, strengthening our involvement, in working alongside others in sharing the Christian life. It’s a life in relationship with others, including God, Father, Son and Spirit, who are ever-close to us in this work.

I’d like to close with a prayer attributed to the late Archbishop Oscar Romero of El Salvador but actually written by Bishop Ken Untener of Saginaw, Michigan. It expresses so well our imperfection in following our calling to serve our God. But it also encourages us on that journey, and invites us to encourage others in that way.

It helps, now and then, to step back and take a long view. 

The kingdom is not only beyond our efforts, it is even beyond our vision.

We accomplish in our lifetime only a tiny fraction of the magnificent enterprise that is God’s work. 

Nothing we do is complete, which is a way of saying that the Kingdom always lies beyond us.

No statement says all that could be said.

No prayer fully expresses our faith.

No confession brings perfection.

No pastoral visit brings wholeness.

No program accomplishes the Church’s mission.

No set of goals and objectives includes everything.

This is what we are about.

We plant the seeds that one day will grow.

We water seeds already planted, knowing that they hold future promise.

We lay foundations that will need further development.

We provide yeast that produces far beyond our capabilities.

We cannot do everything, and there is a sense of liberation in realizing that.

This enables us to do something, and to do it very well.

It may be incomplete, but it is a beginning, a step along the way, an opportunity for the Lord’s grace to enter and do the rest.

We may never see the end results, but that is the difference between the master builder and the worker.

We are workers, not master builders; ministers, not messiahs.

We are prophets of a future not our own. [1]

 

Notes

[1] Thanks to Revd Rose Hoskins for this prayer, composed by Bishop Ken Untener of Saginaw, drafted for a homily by Cardinal John Dearden in Nov. 1979 for a celebration of departed priests. Archbishop Oscar Romero Prayer: A Step Along the Way, on the U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops website.

Evangelism: Sharing the awakening

1 Samuel 3.1-20, John 1.43-51 

Second Sunday of Epiphany, 14th January 2018

Queen Camel, West Camel, Weston Bampfylde

 

I woke up one day and saw the police officers of Windsor escorting homeless people off the streets into vans, and taxiing them to the very gates of the royal palace, to be ushered along a red carpet and take their seats as guests of honour at the prince and princess’s wedding feast. [1] 

I woke up one day and saw delighted groups of young girls and young men, dancing arm in arm across the shiny floors of an out-of-town shopping centre, the doors of the shops closed, window displays telling their ex-customers, ‘You don’t need these products, to be accepted and loved – you are beautiful in yourselves, go free’.

I woke up one day and saw expert engineers in armament factories dismantling warheads and, using those same materials, turning their skilful hands to the manufacture of bespoke hospital equipment.

I woke up one day and saw postmen and postwomen in every street and village delivering letters from the banks to everyone in debt, telling them their balance had been fully cleared; I saw the hugs and the tears of joy in each household.

I woke up and saw the churches closing down their foodbanks, for the well-off people and the poorer ones were now in the habit of sharing food together in each other’s homes.

I woke up and realised that for all my life beforehand I had been living in a sombre dream, I’d been living in a world of meanness and unkindness, a world of exploitation and inequality, a world where selfishness and greed were elevated and where no-one, ever, felt good enough in the eyes of others. 

I woke up to the real world – the world envisioned through the eyes of God. I realised that embracing the good news of Jesus Christ is the doorway to this reality, that those who pass through it put that bad dream behind them as they begin to learn to walk with God. Following Christ is an awakening.

How does one wake up? Sometimes we awaken because an alarm goes off, a sharp reminder that the time has come to get up, shape up, move on. Sometimes we wake up when a storm hits us, when we find our once stable selves blown and tossed around in the chaos, grasping after something solid to hold onto. Sometimes we awaken because someone gives us a prod: “It’s time,” they tell us, and reluctantly perhaps, or cautiously maybe, we give ourselves over to follow them into the new situation.

Evangelism is a word which describes how we help other people to wake up from the world’s bad dream into God’s glorious reality. We are all called to share the story and the message of Jesus, in our own way, in our own place, as well as we can. In that sense we’re all called to be evangelists.

Now we know that some Christians ‘do evangelism’ like shrill alarm bells ringing in the ears of the lost – and you know, in doing so they’re not unlike the first Christians, those who we find in the New Testament, who ‘were a company of extremists, radical in their rejection of the values and priorities of society not only at its most degenerate, but often at its most reasonable and decent.’ [2] Like Jesus their leader they wasted no time alerting ‘the lost’ to how they could be found, there was an urgency and intensity about their evangelical task.

We generally more reticent Anglicans tend to do evangelism quietly, we tend to prefer to show our love for God through acts of kindness or charity towards others, we like that saying attributed to St Francis which goes like this: ‘Preach the gospel. Use words if necessary.’ [3] Which is probably why our Deanery Mission Plan says that ‘we will seek every opportunity to live and tell the story of Jesus.’ In our living it out, we hope that the story comes across. [4]

And we Anglicans tend to understand and express our faith primarily through our worship, and through the church buildings we worship in, which are a witness to God’s presence in our communities through the ages. So it’s no surprise that the Deanery Mission Plan addresses evangelism in terms of ‘Reaching out to young families through services, events and Messy Church’ and ‘Using our buildings as a resource to illuminate our faith’.

We’re also committed as a Deanery to ‘Being welcoming to all’ as part of the evangelical task. Now this is an interesting intention. I think it’s true to say that ‘all churches think that they are welcoming and friendly’. [5] But sadly that’s not always the experience of people who come through the doors on a Sunday and maybe find it all a little bit clubbish and exclusive; or who try to come with a pushchair or in a wheelchair and find they can’t even access the building or communion rail; or who come with eye problems and find it impossible to follow a service based entirely on a written document; or who come with debt problems and shrink inside when the offertory plate is held in front of them; or who come with marital problems and feel condemned by the idea that Christian relationships should be perfect … and so on. When people’s experience of church feels to them like bad news, then our evangelism – our sharing the good news – is compromised. 

Addressing this, in our Lent Meetings this year we’ll be looking at how we can be an ‘Inclusive Church’, that is a ‘church which does not discriminate, on any level, on grounds of economic power, gender, mental health, physical ability, race or sexuality.’ We will be asking how we can show that we are ‘a Church which welcomes and serves all people in the name of Jesus Christ; which …, in the power of the Holy Spirit, allows all people to grasp how wide and long and high and deep is the love of Jesus Christ.’ [6] 

We are inviting speakers to come and share their stories of living with Disability, or Mental Health problems, or Poverty, of living with challenging circumstances around their Gender or Sexuality or Ethnicity – and we will be putting their stories into the mix with some passages of scripture to help us consider together what the good news of Jesus Christ is for people in these situations, and how we can express it. The idea behind this is that good evangelism must begin with good listening – that if we are to meaningfully share the gospel with others we must have listened to them first: not so as to be ready with a certain answer, but listened to them so as to understand. 

And having listened well, and understood where people are coming from outside the church, outside the faith, what questions they have, what motivates them, what alarms them maybe, what storms of life are tossing them around; having done all that, our Deanery Mission Plan is rightly asking us to consider how we may find ‘new ways to share our faith’ – ways which can connect with people just where they are, just as they are.

This is especially important with children. Studies show that over the past decade church attendance by children fell by 22 per cent, and in the smallest 25 per cent of churches the average weekly attendance by children was zero. But other studies reinforced what most people already understand: ‘that foundations for faith are laid in early childhood, and the part played by, and the responsibility of the family is central to the transmission of faith.’ So ‘when young people were asked who or what influenced the way that they thought about faith and religion, 73 per cent who believed in God said their family.’ [7] So maybe finding ‘new ways to share our faith’ means simply finding ways to pass on the story of Jesus Christ to the young ones in our family homes, and to help the other members of our families do the same. 

I suspect that children, even more than adults, are open to awakening to the good news which Jesus brings – able to locate themselves belonging in a world inspired by the life and teachings of Christ, a world where the homeless are the top guests at the royal feast, where people put down their swords and turn them into ploughshares, where people are set free from all that oppresses them, where people share their good things with each other; a world where, more than anything else, they are valued and loved just for who they are.

It has been suggested that we may be living through a ‘Dietrich Bonhoeffer moment’. Dietrich Bonhoeffer, a young pastor and theologian in Germany during the rise of Adolf Hitler, helped to lead what became known as the Confessing Church, which objected to Nazism on theological and  political grounds. Bonhoeffer’s fundamental question was always, “Who is Jesus Christ for us today?” [8]

It is a question always worth asking. Who is Jesus Christ for me, today? Is he the one who awakens me from the world’s bad dream into the possibilities, each day, of living in God’s glorious reality? Are his story and his message things I long to share? Who is Jesus Christ for me, today? 

Evangelism is as natural as chatting to our children, reading our grandchildren the stories we ourselves love. You needn’t fear telling Jesus’ story, for that story is so much part of your own. You needn’t be reluctant sharing Jesus’ message, for that same message nourishes you; and I suspect that many more people than you and I imagine, are longing to hear our good news….

 

Notes

[1] The opening section of this sermon is a very loose revision of the beatitudes – the first paragraph (‘blessed are the poor for theirs is the kingdom of heaven’) was triggered by news reports that  a leader of Windsor Council called on police to clear the streets of ‘beggars’ in advance of the wedding of Prince Harry and Meghan Markle at St George’s Chapel at Windsor Castle on 19 May. Royal wedding: Windsor council leader in begging crackdown call. BBC News, 3 January 2018.

[2] David Bentley Hart, The New Testament: A Translation. Publishers notes.

[3] Wikiquote: St Francis, ‘Preach the gospel, and if necessary use words.’ 

[4] The Bruton and Cary Deanery Mission Plan is published on the Deanery website: Living and Telling The Story in Bruton and Cary Deanery. This talk is the second of a series of five on the themes of the Deanery Mission Plan: Vocation, Evangelism, Community, Formation, Communication.

[5] Inclusive Church Radical Welcome Course introduction.

[6] Inclusive Church Statement of Belief. The Lent Meetings planned are based on the Inclusive Church Small Group Study resources.

[7] Ali Campbell, Home is where the faith is; so focus on the family. Church Times, 12 January 2018.

[8] Jim Wallis, The Heresy of Ideological Religion, Sojourners, February 2018.